This study is NOT currently recruiting participants.
Number
07-DK-N215
Sponsoring Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Recruitment Detail
Type: Completed Study; data analyses ongoing Gender: Male & Female Min Age: 18 Years Max Age: 55 Years
Referral Letter Required
No
Population Exclusion(s)
Children
Keywords
Energy Expenditure; Adaptive Thermogenesis; Low-protein Overfeeding; Fasting; Weight Gain; Natural History
Recruitment Keyword(s)
None
Condition(s)
Obesity
Investigational Drug(s)
Investigational Device(s)
Intervention(s)
Supporting Site
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Non-smoking healthy subjects between 18 and 55 years of age who weigh no more than 350 pounds may be eligible for this study. Participants undergo the following procedures:
-Pregnancy test for women of childbearing age.
-Oral glucose tolerance test. For this test, an I.V. line (needle attached to a plastic tube) is inserted into a vein to allow several blood draws without repeated needle sticks. After the first blood sample is drawn, the subject drinks a cola-flavored sugar solution. Five additional blood samples are then drawn over 3 hours.
-Blood test for DNA (genetic) studies related to obesity, diabetes and related medical problems.
-DEXA scan. This test measures body fat. The subject lies on a table while a very small dose of X-rays is passed through the body.
-Respiratory chamber. This test measures how many calories the body burns a day and assesses energy balance between intake and expenditure. Subjects stay in a room with two windows, equipped with a sink, toilet, television and DVD player, desk, chair, telephone and bed for 24 hours. The test is repeated five times during the first 18-day admission and 3 times during the second 13-day admission. For the first two sessions, subjects are fed a diet equal to the amount of energy their body uses. For the next 6 stays they are fed double the amount of calories their body usually uses for 5 of the stays and fast (consume nothing but water and soda without caffeine or calories) during 1 stay. The overfeeding diets may be high or low in protein, normal in protein, or high in fat. Blood tests are done on the day of each respiratory chamber session and a 24-hour urine sample is collected for one day while in the chamber.
-Eating behavior questionnaires.
-Psychological performance tests.
Some participants are asked to volunteer to repeat two of the chamber studies to validate the measurements. The repeat session includes only the fasting and the overfeeding with normal protein content.
All participants are followed at 6 months with blood tests, a DEXA scan, and urine tests (including pregnancy test for women). At annual visits for years 1 through 7, participants have the 6-month tests plus an oral glucose tolerance test.
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Inclusion Criteria: - Age: 18-55 years, to exclude effects of aging on energy expenditure and weight change. For the PET-CT substudy, women will be limited to ages 18-40 years because there is a high likelihood that for women greater than 40 years, their personal physician may recommend an annual routine mammogram, thereby increasing their annual radiation exposure. Men will also be limited to this age range to prevent age discrepancies between men and women for this substudy. - Premenopausal - Weight: less than or equal to 450 lb (maximum weight allowed on the DXA scanning tables by the manufacturer). Exclusion Criteria - History or clinical manifestation of: - Current smoking - Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 1 and type 2 diabetes - Endocrine disorders, such as Cushing s disease, pituitary disorders, and hypo- and hyperthyroidism - Pulmonary disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which would limit ability to follow the protocol (investigator judgment) - Cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and peripheral artery disease - Hypertension, as diagnosed and treated by an outside physician or by sitting blood pressure measurement, using an appropriate cuff, higher than 140/90 mmHg on two or more occasions - Liver disease, including cirrhosis, active hepatitis B or C, and AST or ALT greater than or equal to 3 times normal - Renal disease, as defined by serum creatinine concentrations greater than or equal 1.5 mg/dl and/or proteinuria greater than 300 mg/day (200 (Micro)g/min) - Central nervous system disease, including previous history of cerebrovascular accidents, dementia, and neurodegenerative disorders - Cancer requiring treatment in the past five years, except for non-melanoma skin cancers or cancers that have clearly been cured or in the opinion of the investigator carry an excellent prognosis (e.g., Stage 1 cervical cancer). -Infectious disease such as active tuberculosis, HIV (by self-report), chronic coccidiomycoses or other chronic infections that might influence weight. - Conditions not specifically mentioned above may serve as criteria for exclusion at the discretion of the investigators - Alcohol and/or drug abuse (more than 3 drinks per day and use of drugs, such as amphetamines, cocaine, heroin, or marijuana). - Pregnancy or lactation - For the PET-CT substudy, radiation exposure to the torso for research or medical purposes within the past 12 months - Positive Urinalysis Drug Screen Prior to beginning any of the study procedures, all subjects will be fully informed of the aim, nature, and risks of the study prior to giving written informed consent. The study s informed consent will be obtained by a principal or associate investigator, research physician or physician assistant working in the clinical research unit.
- Age: 18-55 years, to exclude effects of aging on energy expenditure and weight change. For the PET-CT substudy, women will be limited to ages 18-40 years because there is a high likelihood that for women greater than 40 years, their personal physician may recommend an annual routine mammogram, thereby increasing their annual radiation exposure. Men will also be limited to this age range to prevent age discrepancies between men and women for this substudy.
- Premenopausal
- Weight: less than or equal to 450 lb (maximum weight allowed on the DXA scanning tables by the manufacturer).
Exclusion Criteria
- History or clinical manifestation of:
- Current smoking
- Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 1 and type 2 diabetes
- Endocrine disorders, such as Cushing s disease, pituitary disorders, and hypo- and hyperthyroidism
- Pulmonary disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which would limit ability to follow the protocol (investigator judgment)
- Cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and peripheral artery disease
- Hypertension, as diagnosed and treated by an outside physician or by sitting blood pressure measurement, using an appropriate cuff, higher than 140/90 mmHg on two or more occasions
- Liver disease, including cirrhosis, active hepatitis B or C, and AST or ALT greater than or equal to 3 times normal
- Renal disease, as defined by serum creatinine concentrations greater than or equal 1.5 mg/dl and/or proteinuria greater than 300 mg/day (200 (Micro)g/min)
- Central nervous system disease, including previous history of cerebrovascular accidents, dementia, and neurodegenerative disorders
- Cancer requiring treatment in the past five years, except for non-melanoma skin cancers or cancers that have clearly been cured or in the opinion of the investigator carry an excellent prognosis (e.g., Stage 1 cervical cancer).
-Infectious disease such as active tuberculosis, HIV (by self-report), chronic coccidiomycoses or other chronic infections that might influence weight.
- Conditions not specifically mentioned above may serve as criteria for exclusion at the discretion of the investigators
- Alcohol and/or drug abuse (more than 3 drinks per day and use of drugs, such as amphetamines, cocaine, heroin, or marijuana).
- Pregnancy or lactation
- For the PET-CT substudy, radiation exposure to the torso for research or medical purposes within the past 12 months
- Positive Urinalysis Drug Screen
Prior to beginning any of the study procedures, all subjects will be fully informed of the aim, nature, and risks of the study prior to giving written informed consent. The study s informed consent will be obtained by a principal or associate investigator, research physician or physician assistant working in the clinical research unit.
Principal Investigator
Referral Contact
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