This study is currently recruiting participants.
Number
01-M-0192
Sponsoring Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Recruitment Detail
Type: Participants currently recruited/enrolled Gender: Male & Female Min Age: 8 Years Max Age: 65 Years
Referral Letter Required
No
Population Exclusion(s)
None
Keywords
fMRI; Emotion; Normal Volunteers; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; CBT
Recruitment Keyword(s)
Condition(s)
Anxiety Disorders; Major Depressive Disorder
Investigational Drug(s)
Investigational Device(s)
Intervention(s)
Behavioral: Attention Bias Modification Training Drug: Fluoxetine
Supporting Site
National Institute of Mental HealthUniversity of MinnesotaUniversity of OregonUniversity of Maryland
This study examines relations between neurocognitive and clinical features of pediatric anxiety disorders. The study uses neuro-cognitive tasks, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), as well as magneto- and electro-encephalography (M/EEG). Patients will be studied over one year, before and after receiving either one of two standard-of-care treatments: cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or fluoxetine, a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Healthy comparisons will be studied at comparable time points.
Primary Objectives:
To compare healthy youth and symptomatic, medication-free pediatric patients studied prior to receipt of treatment. The study seeks to detect relations between clinical features of anxiety disorders at baseline and a wide range of neurocognitive features associated with attention, memory, and response to motivational stimuli.
Secondary Objectives:
1) To document relations between baseline neurocognitive features and response to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) or fluoxetine, as defined by the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale (PARS) and Clinical Global Improvement (CGI) Scale.
2) To document relations between post-treatment changes in neurocognitive features and anxiety symptoms on the PARS following treatment with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) or fluoxetine.
3) To document relations among broad arrays of clinical, cognitive, and neural measures
Primary Endpoints:
Indices of percent-signal change in hypothesized brain regions, comprising amygdala, striatum, and prefrontal cortex (PFC) for each fMRI and MEG paradigm.
Secondary Endpoints:
1) Treatment-response as defined by a continuous measure, the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale score (PARS), and a categorial measure, the Clinical Global Improvement (CGI) score.
2) Levels of symptoms and behaviors evoked by tasks that engage attention, memory, and elicit responses to motivational stimuli.
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INCLUSION CRITERIA: ALL JUVENILE SUBJECTS -Age: 8-17 (subjects who consent as 17-year-olds but turn 18 during the course of the study will be eligible to complete all procedures completed by other subjects who consent as 17-year-olds but do not turn 18). -Consent: can give consent/assent (Parents will provide consent; minors will provide assent) -IQ: all subjects will have IQ>70 (Assessment relies on either a WASI or assessment by trained clinical staff during the subject s screening visit. Completion of required activities during the screening visit requires an IQ above 70.) -Language: all subjects will speak English (Tasks in this protocol have not been validated in languages other than English) ALL ADULT SUBJECTS -Age: 18-65 -Consent: can give consent -IQ: all subjects will have IQ>70 (Assessment relies on either a WASI or assessment by trained clinical staff during the subject s screening visit. Completion of required activities during the screening visit requires an IQ above 70.) -Language: all subjects will speak English (Tasks in this protocol have not been validated in languages other than English) ALL SUBJECTS WITH AN ANXIETY DISORDER -Diagnosis: Current Diagnosis of Social Phobia, Separation Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, or Panic Disorder (Based on K-SADS (juveniles) or SCID (adults)) -Symptom Severity: Clinically significant, ongoing anxiety symptoms (This will be documented by clinician review with patients and their families during at least two visits with families.) -Clinical Impairment: Clinically significant, ongoing distress or impairment from anxiety (This will be documented by clinician review with patients and their families during at least two visits with families.) ALL PREVIOUSLY ENROLLED ADOLESCENT PATIENTS, CHILD AND ADULT HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, AND ALL HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS TURNED PATIENTS -Diagnosis: Current Diagnosis of Social Phobia, Separation Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, or Panic Disorder; No current diagnosis (Based on K-SADS (juveniles) or SCID (adults)) -Clinical Impairment (as applicable): Clinically significant, ongoing symptoms (This will be documented by clinician review with patients and their families during at least two visits with families.) -Symptom Severity (as applicable): Clinically significant, ongoing symptoms (This will be documented by clinician review with patients and their families during at least two visits with families.) EXCLUSION CRITERIA: ALL SUBJECTS -Any serious medical condition or condition that interferes with fMRI or M/EEG scanning, and for patients electing medication, any condition that increases risk of SSRI treatment. (All patients will complete a medical history. Healthy volunteer participants will be medication- free and have no current serious medical conditions, based on a review of their medical history. Subjects only will be excluded from the MRI portions of the study based on this exclusion criterion.) -Pregnancy (Subjects only will be excluded from the MRI portions of the study based on this exclusion criterion.) -Current use of any psychoactive substance; current suicidal ideation; current diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) of sufficient severity to require pharmacotherapy. (These factors could complicate treatment with an SSRI. No subject on medication will be accepted into the trial. Subjects will not be taken off of medications to enter the trial.) -Current diagnoses Tourette s Disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD); obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic distress disorder, conduct disorder. (These factors may be affected by SSRI treatment, influencing ability to detect effects on anxiety/symptoms of depression. Of note, subjects who present with a diagnosis of MDD or OCD will not be eligible for inclusion at the outset of the study. However, youth with anxiety disorders frequently develop OCD and MDD when followed over time. Subjects will be allowed to remain in the study if they develop these diagnoses after enrollment.) -Past or current history of mania, psychosis, or severe pervasive developmental disorder. (These factors may be affected by SSRI treatment, influencing ability to detect effects on anxiety/symptoms of depression. Of note, subjects who present with a diagnosis of MDD or OCD will not be eligible for inclusion at the outset of the study. However, youth with anxiety disorders frequently develop OCD and MDD when followed over time. Subjects will be allowed to remain in the study if they develop these diagnoses after enrollment.) -Recent use of an SSRI with failure to respond or tolerate SSRI treatment at an adequate dose and duration. (This is designed to exclude subjects who have failed a trial of an SSRI for their current problem with anxiety. For previously enrolled participants, including patients and healthy volunteers, current use of an SSRI does not exclude participation from follow-up research tasks.) -NIMH employees and staff and their immediate family members will be excluded from the study per NIMH policy. -History of any (excepting nicotine-related and cannabis-related) DSM5-defined moderate to severe substance use disorder (or DSM-IV-defined substance dependence). HEALTHY ADULT SUBJECTS -Any current psychiatric diagnosis (Assessment relies on SCID)
ALL JUVENILE SUBJECTS
-Age: 8-17 (subjects who consent as 17-year-olds but turn 18 during the course of the study will be eligible to complete all procedures completed by other subjects who consent as 17-year-olds but do not turn 18).
-Consent: can give consent/assent (Parents will provide consent; minors will provide assent)
-IQ: all subjects will have IQ>70 (Assessment relies on either a WASI or assessment by trained clinical staff during the subject s screening visit. Completion of required activities during the screening visit requires an IQ above 70.)
-Language: all subjects will speak English (Tasks in this protocol have not been validated in languages other than English)
ALL ADULT SUBJECTS
-Age: 18-65
-Consent: can give consent
ALL SUBJECTS WITH AN ANXIETY DISORDER
-Diagnosis: Current Diagnosis of Social Phobia, Separation Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, or Panic Disorder (Based on K-SADS (juveniles) or SCID (adults))
-Symptom Severity: Clinically significant, ongoing anxiety symptoms (This will be documented by clinician review with patients and their families during at least two visits with families.)
-Clinical Impairment: Clinically significant, ongoing distress or impairment from anxiety (This will be documented by clinician review with patients and their families during at least two visits with families.)
ALL PREVIOUSLY ENROLLED ADOLESCENT PATIENTS, CHILD AND ADULT HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, AND ALL HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS TURNED PATIENTS
-Diagnosis: Current Diagnosis of Social Phobia, Separation Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, or Panic Disorder; No current diagnosis (Based on K-SADS (juveniles) or SCID (adults))
-Clinical Impairment (as applicable): Clinically significant, ongoing symptoms (This will be documented by clinician review with patients and their families during at least two visits with families.)
-Symptom Severity (as applicable): Clinically significant, ongoing symptoms (This will be documented by clinician review with patients and their families during at least two visits with families.)
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
ALL SUBJECTS
-Any serious medical condition or condition that interferes with fMRI or M/EEG scanning, and for patients electing medication, any condition that increases risk of SSRI treatment. (All patients will complete a medical history. Healthy volunteer participants will be medication- free and have no current serious medical conditions, based on a review of their medical history. Subjects only will be excluded from the MRI portions of the study based on this exclusion criterion.)
-Pregnancy (Subjects only will be excluded from the MRI portions of the study based on this exclusion criterion.)
-Current use of any psychoactive substance; current suicidal ideation; current diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) of sufficient severity to require pharmacotherapy. (These factors could complicate treatment with an SSRI. No subject on medication will be accepted into the trial. Subjects will not be taken off of medications to enter the trial.)
-Current diagnoses Tourette s Disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD); obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic distress disorder, conduct disorder. (These factors may be affected by SSRI treatment, influencing ability to detect effects on anxiety/symptoms of depression. Of note, subjects who present with a diagnosis of MDD or OCD will not be eligible for inclusion at the outset of the study. However, youth with anxiety disorders frequently develop OCD and MDD when followed over time. Subjects will be allowed to remain in the study if they develop these diagnoses after enrollment.)
-Past or current history of mania, psychosis, or severe pervasive developmental disorder. (These factors may be affected by SSRI treatment, influencing ability to detect effects on anxiety/symptoms of depression. Of note, subjects who present with a diagnosis of MDD or OCD will not be eligible for inclusion at the outset of the study. However, youth with anxiety disorders frequently develop OCD and MDD when followed over time. Subjects will be allowed to remain in the study if they develop these diagnoses after enrollment.)
-Recent use of an SSRI with failure to respond or tolerate SSRI treatment at an adequate dose and duration. (This is designed to exclude subjects who have failed a trial of an SSRI for their current problem with anxiety. For previously enrolled participants, including patients and healthy volunteers, current use of an SSRI does not exclude participation from follow-up research tasks.)
-NIMH employees and staff and their immediate family members will be excluded from the study per NIMH policy.
-History of any (excepting nicotine-related and cannabis-related) DSM5-defined moderate to severe substance use disorder (or DSM-IV-defined substance dependence).
HEALTHY ADULT SUBJECTS
-Any current psychiatric diagnosis (Assessment relies on SCID)
Principal Investigator
Referral Contact
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