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Protocol Details

Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Natural History of Idiopathic CD4+ Lymphocytopenia

This study is currently recruiting participants.

Summary | Eligibility | Citations | Contacts

Summary

Number

09-I-0102

Sponsoring Institute

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Recruitment Detail

Type: Participants currently recruited/enrolled
Gender: Male & Female
Min Age: 18 Years
Max Age: N/A

Referral Letter Required

No

Population Exclusion(s)

Children

Keywords

Opportunistic Infection;
Immunodeficiency Syndrome;
Autoimmune Disease;
CD4+ Lymphocytes;
Natural History

Recruitment Keyword(s)

Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia

Condition(s)

Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia;
Cryptococcal Meningitis;
Warts

Investigational Drug(s)

None

Investigational Device(s)

None

Intervention(s)

None

Supporting Site

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Background:

- Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a condition in which there is a decreased level of CD4+ lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell), which can lead to opportunistic infections or autoimmune disorders and diseases.

Objectives:

- To characterize the natural history with regard to CD4+ T cell count and onset of infection, malignancy, and autoimmunity.

- To describe the immunological status of patients affected by ICL while providing the best possible standard therapy to eradicate opportunistic infections.

- To establish the timeline of CD4 lymphocytopenia, with particular focus on defining subgroups of patients according to the decline, stabilization, or rise of CD4+ T cell counts over time.

- To characterize the opportunistic infections that occur in ICL patients at microbiologic and molecular levels.

- To characterize the immunophenotype and possible genetic immunodeficiency causes of ICL.

- To determine whether measurable immunologic parameters correlate with the development of opportunistic infections or other comorbidities such as lymphoma in patients with ICL.

- To determine whether there is any association between ICL and autoimmunity.

- To determine CD4+ T cell turnover, survival, functionality, and cytokine responsiveness in ICL patients.

Eligibility:

- Patients 2 years of age and older with an absolute CD4 count less than 300 in children 6 years or older and adults or less than 20% of T cells in children younger than 6 on two occasions at least 6 weeks apart.

- Patients with negative results of HIV testing by ELISA, Western Blot, and viral load.

- Patients must not have underlying immunodeficiency conditions, be receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy (anti-cancer drugs that kill cells), or have cancer.

Design:

- At the initial visit to the National Institutes of Health, the following evaluations will be conducted:

- Personal and family medical histories.

- Physical examination, including rheumatology evaluation and other consultations as medically indicated (e.g., dermatology, pulmonology, ophthalmology, imaging studies).

- Blood samples for analysis of red and white blood cell counts, liver function, immune hormones, and antibody and autoantibody levels, white blood cell growth and function, and DNA.

- Urinalysis and urine pregnancy testing for female patients of childbearing age.

- Evaluation and treatment of active infections as medically indicated, including biopsies, buccal swabs, pulmonary function tests, and imaging studies.

- Follow-up visits will take place approximately every 12 months or more frequently if indicated, and will continue for a minimum of 4 years and a maximum of 10 years.

- Evaluations at follow-up will include blood samples (i.e., CBC with differential, biochemical profile, HIV testing, etc.) and urinalysis and rheumatology consults.

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Eligibility

ICL PARTICPANT INCLUSION CRITERIA:

To be eligible for this study, patients must satisfy all of the following inclusion criteria:

a. Age greater than or equal to 18 years

b. Absolute CD4 count < 300 cells/microL or < 20% of total T cells on at least two occasions at least 6 weeks apart

c. Ongoing care by a referring primary care physician

d. Willingness to allow storage of blood and tissue samples for future analysis

ICL PARTICPANT EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Patients will be ineligible for this study if they satisfy any of the following criteria:

a. Known infection with HIV-1, HIV-2, or human T-cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-1 or HTLV-2) as demonstrated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot and/or viral load testing

b. Known underlying immunodeficiency syndrome other than ICL

c. Evidence of active malignancy

d. Receipt of medications, herbal substances, or biologic agents known to diminish the CD4+ count within 30 days of when the CD4+ lymphocytopenia was detected

e. Any condition that in the judgment of the investigators would place the subject at undue risk or compromise the results of the study.

BLOOD RELATIVE INCLUSION CRITERIA:

To be eligible for study participation as a blood relative, subjects must be greater than or equal to 18 years of age and be a blood relative of an individual who meets or has met the CDC criteria for ICL.

HOUSEHOLD CONTACT INCLUSION CRITERIA:

To be eligible for study participation as a household contact, subjects must be greater than or equal to18 years of age and live within the same household as an ICL subjects participating in this protocol. Blood relatives who are household contacts are eligible to participate.


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Citations:

Fauci AS. CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia without HIV infection--no lights, no camera, just facts. N Engl J Med. 1993 Feb 11;328(6):429-31.

Laurence J, Siegal FP, Schattner E, Gelman IH, Morse S. Acquired immunodeficiency without evidence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2. Lancet. 1992 Aug 1;340(8814):273-4.

Ho DD, Cao Y, Zhu T, Farthing C, Wang N, Gu G, Schooley RT, Daar ES. Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia--immunodeficiency without evidence of HIV infection. N Engl J Med. 1993 Feb 11;328(6):380-5.

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Contacts:

Principal Investigator

Referral Contact

For more information:

Irini Sereti, M.D.
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
NIHBC 10 - CLINICAL CENTER BG RM 11B17
10 CENTER DR
BETHESDA MD 20892
(301) 496-5533
isereti@niaid.nih.gov

Irini Sereti, M.D.
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
NIHBC 10 - CLINICAL CENTER BG RM 11B17
10 CENTER DR
BETHESDA MD 20892
(301) 496-5533
isereti@niaid.nih.gov

Office of Patient Recruitment
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Building 61, 10 Cloister Court
Bethesda, Maryland 20892
Toll Free: 1-800-411-1222
Local Phone: 301-451-4383
TTY: TTY Users Dial 7-1-1
ccopr@nih.gov

Clinical Trials Number:

NCT00867269

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